VARIOUS TRITIES BY TWO SUPERPOWER
VARIOUS TRITIES BY TWO SUPERPOWER
Question: The two superpowers and their allies were expected to behave as rational and responsible actors. Why?
Ans. They have understood the risks in fighting wars that might massive destructive for both alliance. Such a way the Cold War managed to ensure human survival.
Question: Why both two sides were worry that war might occur in spite of restraint ? And what they did to minimize the risk of Hot war?
Ans. Either side might miscalculate the number of weapons, misunderstand the intentions of the other side, nuclear accident, if someone fired off a nuclear weapon by mistake, soldier mischievously shot off a weapon.
Therefore, the US and USSR decided to collaborate in limiting or eliminating certain kinds of nuclear and non-nuclear weapons.
- Limited Test Ban Treaty,
- Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty and
- The Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
ARMS CONTROL TREATIES
-> LIMITED TEST BAN TREATY (LTBT):
Signed by the US, UK and USSR in August 1963.
Purpose: Banned nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere/outer space/under water.
-> NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT):
Signed in 1968, enforced in 1970 and now extended in 1995 for indefinite period.
Purpose: It stops for acquiring nuclear weapons for those countries who couldn’t manufacture and exploded a nuclear weapon prior to 1 January 1967. But allows to 5 nuclear weapon states.
-> STRATEGIC ARMS LIMITATION TALKS I (SALT-I):
First round of SALT started in 1969, but signed in 1972.
Purpose: limitation of – Anti-Ballistic Missile and strategic offensive arms.
-> SALT-II:
Second round, started in 1972, but signed in 1979 in Vienna.
Purpose: limitation of – strategic offensive arms.
-> STRATEGIC ARMS REDUCTION TREATY I (START-I):
Signed in 1991.
Purpose: Reduction and limitation of strategic offensive arms.
-> START-II:
Signed in 1993