CLASS-1
CHAPTER 6 INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
After pointing out various examples about ineffectiveness of the UNO, It is most important international organisation in today’s world.
- People see it as Indispensable & has great hope of humanity for peace and progress
- UN created to save humanity from hell. (Dag Hammarskjold- 2nd Secretary-General)
- “Talking shop” – Shashi Tharoor
- International Organisations:
After pointing out various examples about ineffectiveness of the UNO, It is most important international organisation in today’s world.
- People see it as Indispensable & have great hope of humanity for peace and progress.
- UN created to save humanity from hell. (Dag Hammarskjold- 2nd Secretary-General)
- “Talking shop” – Shashi Tharoor
- International Organisations:
- Are not the answer to everything, but they are important.
- help with matters of war and peace.
- Help countries cooperate to make better living conditions.
- Countries can resolve conflicts, differences & antagonisms without war.
- Can discuss contentious issues and find peaceful solutions.
- Can help to produce information and ideas about how to cooperate.
- can provide mechanisms, rules, bureaucracy to help members for more confidence regards cost sharing, division of benefits, joined member will honor the T & C of agreements.
- Created by and responds to states to help member states, not a super-state with authority over its members.
- To solve global problems (Environmental; Ozone layer depiction, Global warming, Diseases)
- Countries recognize the need for cooperation but problem occurs in cooperation level; Like:
- How best to do so?
- How to share the costs of cooperating?
- How to make sure that the benefits of cooperating are justly divided?
- How to ensure that others do not break their end of the bargain and cheat on an agreement?
- After Cold War, UN may have a slightly different role.
- Can the UN serve to promote dialogue and discussion with the US
- could UN limit the power of the USAEVOLUTION OF THE UNAugust, 1941: Atlantic Charter signed by US & UKJan, 1942: “Declaration by UN” signed by 26 Allied nations in Washington to support the Atlantic Charter.Dec, 1943: Tehran Conference by US- Roosevelt, UK- Churchill, USSR- Stalin.
Feb, 1945: Yalta Conference to organise a United Nations conference; April-May: In San Francisco UN Conference on IO.
26 June, 1945: UN Charter signed by 50 nations + 1 (Poland on 15 Oct.) So 51 original founding members.
24 Oct.,1945: UN founded, UN Day.
30 Oct. 1945: India Joined.
1st W.W. encouraged the world to invest in an I.O. (to deal….). So League of Nations formed (10 Jan. 1920 to 20 April 1946), Initially success but couldn’t prevent 2nd WW. (More destructive than before)-> World feel again to establish more strong IOs; UN founded as successor.
Motive OF UN:
i.Tring to achieve what the League could not.
ii.Prevent international conflict and facilitate cooperation among states.
iii.Stop-conflicts b/w states escalating into war or minimize hostilities.
iv.Bring countries together to improve the prospects of social and economic development.